Oracle SQL for beginners Training Course

Relational Database Models

• Understanding the architecture of relational databases
• Types of table relationships
• Database normalization and denormalization processes
• Relational operators

Data Retrieval

• Best practices for writing SQL queries
• SELECT statement syntax
• Retrieving all columns
• Performing arithmetic operations within queries
• Using column aliases
• Working with literals
• The concatenation operator

Filtering Results

• Utilizing the WHERE clause
• Comparison operators
• The LIKE condition
• The BETWEEN ... AND operator
• Checking for NULL values with IS NULL
• The IN condition
• Boolean operators: AND, OR, and NOT
• Combining multiple conditions in the WHERE clause
• Operator precedence and order
• The DISTINCT clause

Data Sorting

• Using the ORDER BY clause
• Sorting by multiple columns or expressions

SQL Functions

• Distinguishing between single-row and multi-row functions
• Text, numeric, and date function capabilities
• Explicit and implicit data conversion
• Conversion functions
• Nesting functions
• Testing function performance using the dual table
• Retrieving the current date with the SYSDATE function
• Handling NULL values

Data Aggregation and Grouping

• Aggregate functions
• How aggregate functions process NULL values
• Creating data groups using the GROUP BY clause
• Grouping by multiple columns
• Filtering aggregate results with the HAVING clause

Multi-Table Data Retrieval

• Types of join connectors
• Using NATURAL JOIN
• Table aliases
• Joins specified within the WHERE clause
• INNER JOINs
• Outer joins: LEFT, RIGHT, and FULL OUTER JOIN
• Understanding Cartesian products

Subqueries

• Placing subqueries within the SELECT command
• Single-row and multi-row subqueries
• Operators for single-row subqueries
• Grouping considerations in subqueries
• Operators for multi-row subqueries: IN, ALL, ANY
• Treatment of NULL values in subqueries

Set Operators

• The UNION operator
• The UNION ALL operator
• The INTERSECT operator
• The MINUS operator

Data Modification: Insert, Update, Delete

• The INSERT command
• Copying data from other tables
• The UPDATE command
• The DELETE command
• The TRUNCATE command

Transactions

• Managing commits, rollbacks, and savepoints: COMMIT, ROLLBACK, SAVEPOINT

DDL Commands

• Essential database objects
• Object naming conventions
• Creating tables
• Available data types for columns
• The DEFAULT option
• NULL and NOT NULL constraints

Table Management

• Referential integrity constraints: CHECK, PRIMARY KEY, FOREIGN KEY, UNIQUE
• Creating tables from queries
• Dropping tables with DROP TABLE
• The DESCRIBE command

Additional Schema Objects

• Sequences
• Synonyms
• Views